Book of Testimonies
Citizens of the V4 are actively participating in modernisation and decarbonisation strategies, both with the help of national subsidies and on their own. The following interview summaries, collected in autumn 2025, map their lived experiences and highlight the practical considerations, motivations and barriers citizens face when deciding to renovate their home, switch to an electric vehicle, or retrain their skills and change career paths.
The testimonies show that the realised projects lead to significant reductions in energy and transport costs and also improve the quality of life of the interviewed persons. The stories also reveal a recurring theme: grassroots solutions, community cooperation and personal initiative often fill the gaps left by public support. Dive into the collected practical knowledge of the V4 citizens by sorting through country and topic themes below.
F.A. – Budapest
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F.A. and his family recently completed a major renovation in their multi-unit family house in Budapest. Although they had already gone through two renovations in previous years — including a holiday home refurbished with the help of a general contractor — this most recent project was different. They chose to organise the work themselves in order to save money, coordinate the teams directly, and make decisions independently. In practice, however, this made the process significantly slower and more complicated.
Finding reliable specialists became one of the biggest challenges. Several contractors were unavailable for weeks, others cancelled at the last minute, and in one case, a dry construction team delayed the start date for five weeks before finally announcing on-site that they would not take the job after all. By that point, replacing them was extremely difficult, and the team that eventually completed the task delivered only mediocre work. While no serious financial damage occurred, the uncertainty and constant rescheduling created long delays and considerable stress.
FA and his partner did not qualify for any renovation-related financial support. Available programmes were limited to rural areas, and no relevant urban schemes were accessible to them. What they would have appreciated most is not only financial help but also professional guidance — someone who could oversee the full renovation plan and ensure that the chosen solutions were technically sound. For parts of the project, they relied on an architect friend who had previously worked with them and could offer advice, but coordinating the renovation without a general contractor required a great deal of planning and regular problem-solving.
If additional funding were available, FA would prioritise energy-related upgrades: replacing the ageing boiler with a more efficient system, installing solar panels, improving exterior insulation, and continuing to replace the remaining outdated windows. As he puts it, these would significantly reduce the home’s energy loss and long-term costs, but after the recent renovation, they do not have the budget to continue.
The house itself is a small four-unit building shared between two families, with major decisions made jointly. In principle, they could apply for building-level support, but no practical scheme exists that fits their situation. Because FA did not previously live in this apartment, he cannot compare energy bills before and after the renovation, and the current utility costs are based on flat-rate billing, making a precise assessment difficult.
Reflecting on the process, FA believes that large renovations are far easier when a reliable general contractor is involved. Without one, homeowners must read extensively, consult people with experience, and carefully coordinate each task. For them, the budget ultimately aligned with their most pessimistic expectations — a reminder that renovation costs almost always rise, even with careful planning.
His advice to others is to seek out trusted specialists, plan for delays, and consider professional oversight whenever possible. And above all, he highlights the value of experience: the knowledge gained from previous projects helped them navigate this one, but it also reinforced how important it is to have a clear plan, a supportive team, and realistic expectations about time, cost, and complexity.
H.T. (23), special education student – Budapest (District II)
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H.T. is a 23-year-old university student living in a family-owned apartment in Budapest’s 2nd district. He lives with his partner part of the year, while completing the final year of his studies in special education. The apartment has been gradually renovated over time, and one of the most significant improvements he carried out recently was replacing the outdated windows.
He is concerned about climate change and tries to incorporate environmentally conscious habits into daily life, though he is also realistic about the limits of individual impact. In his view, meaningful change depends largely on state-level regulation and corporate responsibility. At household level, he believes individuals can contribute, but these actions often feel more like personal reassurance than real climate impact. He is aware of some state renovation programmes, but has found them difficult to access due to lack of clear information and complicated procedures.
The apartment’s biggest problem used to be heat retention. The old windows were drafty and unable to keep the warmth inside, which resulted in cold rooms and high gas bills during the winter months. About a year ago, he decided it was time to replace them. The motivation was simple: the flat was uncomfortable, and heating was inefficient.
The window replacement happened in two phases. During a kitchen renovation, he replaced the window in that room first, and a year later he had the other two windows changed as well. The process itself went smoothly — the installers completed the work in a day, and only minimal finishing work was needed afterward. The only real obstacle was a heavy metal security grate fixed to one of the windows, which he removed, repainted, and later reinstalled himself.
HT did not receive any financial support for the renovation, even though he looked into available options. He knew about state-backed or municipal schemes, but was not eligible for any of them. When choosing the new windows, his decisions were mostly guided by price and practicality rather than technical consultation.
Energy use in the home is shaped by the flat’s specific heating system. Two rooms are heated by gas convectors, while other areas either have no heating or rely on electric units. Although he once considered upgrading the entire system, the layout of the apartment would require major structural work, and a gas technician advised him that the existing convectors were in good condition. He now uses a small smart thermostat device — a local Hungarian invention — that helps regulate temperature more evenly, reducing the problem of overheating followed by rapid cooling.
Since the window replacement, the apartment retains heat far better. The indoor temperature is more stable, heating is easier to control, and bills have become slightly lower. The change also brought more everyday comfort: instead of constantly turning heating on and off, he can maintain a steady, comfortable temperature.
Looking back, HT feels that his renovation choices were shaped by limited time and financial resources. He spread the work out over several years — bathroom, windows, kitchen — because doing everything at once would not have been possible. Still, he believes that if he ever renovates another home in the future, he would prefer a single, well-planned renovation rather than many small stages, as stretching the process over years was emotionally draining.
He also mentioned his father’s experience renovating a family house on Szentendrei-sziget with the help of an energy-efficiency grant. Although the project was ultimately successful, the administrative burden was overwhelming: constant paperwork, sudden changes to requirements, and confusion even within the institutions handling applications. For HT, this reinforced how difficult it is for ordinary homeowners to navigate support schemes — even for those who are willing and motivated.
HT’s advice for others is simple: plan renovations realistically, consider doing them in one phase if possible, and prepare for the time and patience required. Small improvements like window replacement can make a meaningful difference in comfort and energy use — but accessible, user-friendly support systems would make the process far easier for many households.
Tibor (36), data analyst – Budapest (Józsefváros)
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Four years ago, Tibor decided it was time to move out of his grandmother’s panel flat, where he had been living during university. Renting in Budapest had already become expensive, and buying seemed like the only stable long-term option. With family help — mostly savings left behind by his grandmother — he managed to purchase a 43 m² apartment in Józsefváros, covering half of the cost with a down payment and taking out a favourable low-interest mortgage for the rest.
The apartment had belonged to an elderly woman and needed extensive renovation. The interior was dated, the wiring was old, and the energy efficiency was extremely poor. As a corner unit in a non-insulated brick building, the flat lost heat rapidly through cold exterior walls. The windows were warped and leaky, rain seeped in during storms, and the entrance door barely closed. The gas convector heating struggled to warm the space, especially the bedroom, which became so cold in winter that he often slept in the living room instead. With limited resources, Tibor focused first on essentials: he replaced the entire electrical system, relocated the kitchen to improve layout, removed old tiles and wallpaper, and restored the original wooden flooring he found hidden under laminate. The bathroom was retiled and fitted with new fixtures. Heating remained a challenge — he never felt comfortable with old gas convectors but could not yet afford a full replacement.
Improving the flat’s energy performance became a slow, multi-year process. It took nearly three years before he could replace the windows and the entrance door. Finding reliable contractors proved difficult: the first company he hired repeatedly postponed the installation, communicated poorly, and even left one window partially dismantled for weeks. Eventually, after legal assistance, the work was completed. Later, a carpenter recommended by a friend installed a new entrance door, and the difference in professionalism was clear: punctuality, fair pricing, and quality workmanship.
Today, with insulated windows and a secure front door, the apartment retains heat much better, though the building’s lack of external insulation still limits what individual improvements can achieve. To reduce reliance on gas, Tibor also installed an A+++ heating-and-cooling AC unit. While technically more energy-efficient, using it heavily can become costly due to Hungary’s tiered electricity pricing. As a result, he switches between gas and electric heating depending on the season, balancing comfort and affordability.
Tibor sees environmental considerations as important, though not the sole driver of his choices. He recycles, buys second-hand items, and follows a largely plant-based diet, but he also recognises that individual actions can only go so far without broader systemic changes. For him, better insulation and efficient heating represent meaningful steps toward lower consumption — but affordable, accessible programmes for insulating entire buildings would make the biggest difference. His own housing block would gladly participate if such opportunities existed.
His advice for others is practical: plan for renovations to take longer and cost more than expected, and always rely on trusted recommendations when choosing contractors. And if possible, choose a home that has already been renovated — or be prepared for a long journey of gradual improvements, one step at a time.
Antal (60), university lecturer & Nelly (35), magazine editor – Debrecen
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We live in a detached house in Debrecen, most likely built in the late 60s or early 70s — the kind of era when insulation was minimal, energy efficiency wasn’t really part of construction standards, and heating costs were simply “part of life.” Antal bought the house about fifteen years ago. It was already in bad shape, but the price was unusually low. At the time, he could only afford to fix the most urgent structural and electrical problems. Everything else had to wait, usually until something broke again.
As energy prices kept rising in recent years, the lack of insulation became impossible to ignore. Winters felt colder inside than outside, and in the summer the house overheated within hours. We both realized that continuing with small, ad-hoc repairs would never make the house truly livable — and certainly not sustainable.
So this summer, we decided to take on a major renovation focused specifically on improving the home’s energy performance. The goal wasn’t just aesthetics or comfort; it was about finally reducing heat loss, lowering our consumption, and making the house more resilient long-term. Proper insulation felt like the most meaningful “green” investment we could make.
Although we hired professionals for part of the work, we were deeply involved in the project ourselves. We removed old panels, prepared wall surfaces, and handled a lot of the manual labour to lower costs and maintain control over quality. It also allowed us to understand, step by step, how our home actually functions energetically — where the heat escapes, where moisture collects, and which structural elements are beyond saving.
The process was far from easy. For weeks, our house had no real windows or doors. Summer storms came through the temporary coverings. Dust covered everything. We cooked outside, slept in one room, and worked from makeshift desks. At moments, it felt like camping inside our own home. But in a strange way, participating in the work made the experience meaningful. We knew exactly why we were doing it.
The professionals we worked with had mixed reliability. Some were excellent — knowledgeable about sustainable materials, patient when explaining the details, and committed to doing things properly. Others were harder to coordinate: last-minute cancellations, vague timelines, or shortcuts we had to push back against. Being present every day allowed us to make sure the green aspects of the renovation weren’t compromised for convenience.
Now that the insulation is complete, the difference is dramatic. The house keeps warmth significantly better, the rooms no longer have cold corners, and even on hot days, the indoor temperature stays stable much longer without cooling. We haven’t received our full winter bill yet, but we’re already seeing noticeable reductions in energy use.
Beyond lower costs and better comfort, the project changed the way we think about our home. Insulation isn’t glamorous, but it is one of the most impactful things individuals can do to reduce their environmental footprint. For us, it became a very tangible way to align our daily life with the values we talk about — sustainability, responsibility, long-term thinking.
Our advice: Renovations can be exhausting and messy, especially when you’re living inside the project. But if you’re able to, take part in the work yourself. It gives you control, it teaches you how your home really works, and it makes the green upgrades feel like a shared accomplishment — something you’ve literally built with your own hands.
Réka (29), data analyst, Budapest (Józsefváros)
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Four years ago, after finishing university, I decided it was time to leave my grandmother’s panel apartment, where I had been living during my studies. Renting in Budapest was already extremely expensive, so buying a small flat seemed like the only long-term solution — even if it meant taking on a loan. With financial help from my family, especially savings left by my grandmother, I managed to buy a 43 m² apartment in Józsefváros with a 50% down payment. It was a huge step for me toward independence, even though the place needed a significant amount of work.
The flat had been owned by an elderly woman and was in a very dated condition: mismatched green wallpaper everywhere, old linoleum flooring, a worn-out bathroom, a leaky front door, and windows that could barely open without falling apart. On top of that, the apartment’s energy efficiency was extremely poor. As a corner unit on the second floor, it was surrounded by cold exterior walls with no insulation at all. The windows let in wind and rain, the entrance door hardly closed, and the gas convector heating struggled to keep up. In winter, the bedroom was unbearably cold. I often had to sleep in the living room because it was the only space that could be heated properly.
When I bought the apartment, I didn’t have the budget for a full renovation, so I started with the essentials. I completely replaced the electrical wiring — something that simply can’t wait until after moving in. I also relocated the kitchen to a better layout, tore up old tiles, removed wallpaper, and discovered original wooden parquet under the linoleum, which I then had restored. The bathroom got new tiles and fixtures, and my father helped install new flooring in the bedroom. The gas convector heaters remained for the time being, even though I never liked them and always worried about carbon monoxide, especially with pets in the apartment.
Improving the apartment’s energy efficiency became a years-long process. It took me three full years before I could afford new doors and windows. The original ones were dangerous, drafty, and in the bedroom, they were so fragile I avoided opening them. I replaced the two main windows with modern, insulating units — including a triple-glazed window in the living room, the largest surface where heat escaped. The entrance door was also replaced later with a safer, tighter-fitting wooden door.
Unfortunately, finding reliable contractors was one of the worst parts of the process. The first window company I hired turned out to be extremely unprofessional: they delayed the installation for months, ignored my calls, and even left one window half-demolished. At one point, I had no proper internal window panel because they had removed it and then disappeared. I eventually had to get my lawyer involved before the company finally finished the job. By contrast, the carpenter who later replaced my entrance door — recommended by a friend — was the complete opposite: punctual, honest, and affordable. That experience taught me that personal recommendations are far more reliable than flashy online ads.
Over time, the improvements made a noticeable difference. Today, when I sit in the living room, I no longer feel cold air coming from the hallway. The space is still difficult to heat because the entire building lacks insulation, but at least the windows and door no longer work against me. To help with heating costs, I also bought an A+++ inverter air-conditioning unit that can heat and cool. Although many people online claim it can fully replace gas heating, in practice, it’s complicated: electricity prices above the reduced-rate consumption threshold are very high in Hungary. Despite being more energy-efficient, heating with the AC can end up more expensive than using the old gas convector. In shoulder seasons, it works well, but on really cold days, I still rely on gas.
I never received any financial support or grants for these renovations. At the time, I didn’t qualify for any district-level or national subsidies, and the building itself — like many older Budapest blocks — has no access to proper funding for insulation or roof renovation. If there were meaningful, accessible grants for insulating entire buildings, my neighbours and I would absolutely take part. Everyone is willing, but nothing is available that we could realistically apply for.
My choices are influenced partly by environmental awareness — I recycle, I buy second-hand when I can, and I’ve been mostly vegetarian — but I’m realistic. Individual choices matter only up to a point. The real impact has to come from systemic change, from reducing industrial emissions to regulating extreme energy use. Even so, I would take any support that helps make my home warmer, more efficient, and more affordable to maintain. Living in an old, poorly insulated flat, you feel every degree and every forint.
If I could give one piece of advice to anyone starting a renovation, it would be this:
Whenever you choose between a renovated or an unrenovated flat, choose the renovated one. A renovation will always take twice as long and cost twice as much as you expect — even if you plan carefully. And always, always choose contractors based on trusted personal recommendations, not advertisements.
Man (47), IT project manager, Budapest
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My family and I live in a 70 m² apartment in Budapest’s 11th district — my wife, our child, two cats, and a dog. The climate crisis is something I see as a very real and present phenomenon. We witness record temperatures year after year, shrinking lakes, dried-out rivers, and growing pressure on agriculture. For me, ignoring these signs is a form of denial. Still, I also believe that combating climate change is a shared responsibility: governments and large companies must lead with meaningful regulation, but individuals also have a duty to do whatever is within their reach to reduce their environmental footprint.
When it comes to households, I’m convinced there are many small, practical ways we can act more responsibly: reducing water and energy use, heating our homes to reasonable temperatures, buying fewer new things, repairing what we can, and limiting unnecessary waste. Transport choices matter just as much — whether we drive, cycle, fly often, or choose public transport. These habits all contribute to the environmental impact of a home.
We bought our apartment in a building from the late 1990s, and although it already had double-glazed windows, they were among the earliest versions and had lost much of their efficiency. During our renovation, we replaced all windows with modern double-glazed wooden frames. Many people asked why not triple glazing, but since the building as a whole is not insulated from the outside — and likely won’t be in the next 10–20 years — the extra investment would not have delivered its full effect. Instead, we added an internal insulation layer to the external walls using a special heat-insulating plaster mixed with tiny polystyrene beads. It significantly improved comfort: the walls no longer feel cold to the touch, and the room keeps warmth much better.
We fully modernised the apartment’s technical systems as well. Ten years ago, heat pumps were still uncommon, so we installed the best available condensing gas boiler at the time, paired with a low-temperature heating system. Most of the apartment has underfloor heating, with traditional radiators kept only in the bedrooms. The boiler produces water at just 25–38°C, adjusting automatically to outdoor temperatures. This makes the system extremely efficient — even the technicians who come for annual maintenance are surprised at how clean the boiler remains. Our yearly gas bill is still only around 5–6,000 forints, despite using gas for heating, hot water, and cooking, which I consider exceptionally low.
We also replaced all kitchen appliances with energy-efficient models and switched entirely to LED lighting. There is an inverter air-conditioning unit as well, but thanks to the high ceilings and the layout of the attic-level apartment, we barely need to use it even during summer heatwaves.
The renovation process, like any renovation, had its challenges. Fortunately, we had a trusted acquaintance who worked as both designer and contractor, which removed much of the stress. Still, unexpected issues always emerge: design ideas that don’t work in practice, communication mix-ups, or elements that don’t turn out exactly as imagined. We waited months for some interior doors — meanwhile, we used a cardboard box as a temporary bathroom door, which made for some funny moments when guests visited. The good part was that we didn’t have to live in the apartment during work, which prevented the typical pressure and cost overruns many families face. In total, the full renovation took about 3–4 months, which is relatively fast given that the apartment was stripped back to the bare structure, and even the concrete slab was opened for the underfloor heating.
Our main motivation was financial: reducing long-term energy costs and keeping the apartment economical to maintain. Environmental considerations were important too, but I’d be lying if I said they were the primary driver. At the time, there were no state subsidies available, but if they had existed, we certainly would have used them — especially for heating upgrades, high-efficiency appliances, or window replacement. Today, the most meaningful improvement would be solar panels, but this is impossible because the building has a shared roof covered with asbestos slate — a material no company will install solar systems on. A future grant to replace such roofing and enable solar installations would open real possibilities.
My advice for anyone planning a renovation is simple: always assume that time and cost will be double what you originally expect — not because anyone is dishonest, but because that’s how real-world construction works. Build in flexibility, plan carefully, and accept that some things will only become clear once you start living in the space. Looking ahead, I hope future generations will have access to genuinely clean energy on a large scale — perhaps even through fusion power. If I were building a home today, I would no longer choose gas heating at all. I believe the long-term direction is unmistakable: electrification, renewable energy, and more efficient homes.
Viktória (30), production manager & junior producer, Budapest
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When my partner and I bought a small apartment in Zugló, we knew from the start that it would need a full renovation before it could become our home. Both of us grew up in the 18th district of Budapest, and this was our first own place, purchased with a loan. From the beginning, we wanted a space that was modern, practical, and safe to operate — especially when it came to heating and energy use.
One of our first decisions was to avoid any gas-based systems. We were specifically looking for a home that didn’t use gas convectors, and we eventually switched to an electric heating system throughout the apartment. We even removed the gas line from the kitchen. For us, the main motivation wasn’t a big green transformation, but rather practicality: electric systems felt simpler, cleaner, and more manageable in the long term. At the same time, this choice aligned with the way we both think about consumption — trying not to use more energy or resources than necessary.
The renovation itself taught us a lot. We waited three months for the construction team we wanted, but it was absolutely worth it. We had heard too many horror stories from friends about unreliable contractors and work that had to be redone from scratch, so choosing a team with solid references was essential. We were lucky: the workers were reliable, communicative, and did a careful, high-quality job. Because we had the option to temporarily stay with my parents, we didn’t face the pressure to move in immediately, which made the whole process much less stressful.
Good planning turned out to be just as important as choosing the right team. We worked with interior designers and had a detailed renovation plan before the first hammer swing — and even then, many things still had to be adjusted along the way. Without a proper plan, it would have been overwhelming. We also had to prioritize what absolutely needed to be completed before moving in and what we could postpone for later. This helped us avoid running out of money halfway through and ending up “camping” in an unfinished home for months.
My advice to others is simple: take the time to plan thoroughly, and never choose a contractor just because they can start the fastest. Work only with people who are recommended by someone you trust. It saves money, nerves, and time. And if possible, give yourself space — both mentally and practically — to make decisions that support long-term comfort rather than short-term rush.
Daniel Kováč (50), IT support (Dell) Kvetoslavov
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For years, I commuted the same way: walk to the station in Kvetoslavov, take the train to Bratislava, finish the trip by bus. It wasn’t perfect, but it worked. Then the operator changed and everything went downhill. Schedules shifted, evening trains disappeared, and delays became a daily routine. Some days the train didn’t show up at all. Driving alone wasn’t much better — with fuel prices going up, the commute was becoming absurdly expensive.
I realised something had to change the morning I stood at the station again, watching the “10-minute delay” turn into “30 minutes” and then into nothing. On the way home that day, I bumped into a neighbour from Hviezdoslavov who works in Bratislava too, and we started talking. He said he and two others were also fed up with the unreliable trains. Within a week, we created a small car-sharing group — two of us from Kvetoslavov, the others from Hviezdoslavov.
It’s nothing official, just a group chat where we plan the week. One of us drives, the rest pitch in for fuel. Then next week someone else takes the wheel. It works surprisingly well. We all have similar working hours, and because there are four of us, nobody feels like they’re doing too much.
The biggest change is the stress. I don’t wake up thinking, “Will the train even come today?” When I’m not driving, I just get in the car and relax. We chat, drink our morning coffee together, sometimes even plan our lunches. I realised that for years I was commuting in complete silence, staring at the road alone. Now, half the time I don’t even notice the trip.
Financially it helps a lot. Splitting fuel four ways makes a huge difference, especially for people who used to drive alone every day. And since we rotate cars, the mileage on mine finally calmed down I used to service it constantly.
Of course, the beginning wasn’t smooth. We had to figure out where to meet, how flexible everyone could be, and what to do when someone had an unexpected work change. But once we got used to each other’s routines, it settled into a rhythm.
If public transport worked the way it should, none of us would bother organising anything. But reality pushed us to find our own solution, and I’m glad we did. It’s cheaper, more reliable, and honestly it feels good to share the road with neighbours instead of fighting it alone.
If I can give advice to someone in a similar situation: just ask around. You’d be surprised how many people are struggling with the same commute but don’t know each other yet. Sometimes the simplest solution is sitting right next door.
Ing. Juraj Szitás (69), engineer (airport runway lighting), Rohovce
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I’m almost seventy and I still work — mostly on small airport runways, fixing lighting systems, wiring and safety equipment. One week I’m in Austria, another in Italy, then somewhere in eastern Slovakia. Because of that, I always drove big, strong cars. My last one was a VW Touareg. It carried tools, cables and half a workshop in the trunk. It never failed me, but it drank fuel like a thirsty horse.
After a while, the noise and the fuel bills started to get to me. I realised I was spending more time behind the wheel than at home. My kids kept repeating: “Dad, why don’t you get something easier to drive?” So last year I finally changed. I bought a Toyota hybrid — not fully electric, because I often drive long distances and I cannot depend on chargers being available in every small town.
For the way I work, the hybrid is perfect. When I’m leaving Rohovce early in the morning, the car is quiet on electric mode. When I hit the motorway or drive through mountains, the petrol engine takes over smoothly. I charge the car at home. That’s the biggest advantage of living in a family house — I don’t have to hunt for chargers. In Slovakia we do have charging apps and different operators, but I only use them when I absolutely must. I see younger colleagues juggling five different apps on their phones. At 69, I don’t need that kind of stress.
The difference compared to the Touareg is huge. I used to burn 8–12 litres per 100 km. Now I often drive with half of that, sometimes even less if the route is flat. The hybrid is quieter, smoother, and I’m not as tired after long trips. It’s the first car in years that actually relaxes me on the road instead of exhausting me.
If I have any advice for people my age: try a hybrid for a week. Don’t just read about them. Once you experience how quiet and easy they are, you won’t want to go back. And you don’t need to be a tech expert to use it. The car does the thinking for you. For me, switching to a hybrid was the right decision. I still travel far for work, but the journeys are cheaper, quieter and easier on my back. At this age, that’s what matters the most.
Dipl. Ing. Barbora Köver Tóthová (34), urbanist
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My parents still live in our old family house near Dunajská Streda. It’s a typical 1960s house cold in winter, hot in summer, windows that rattle when the wind blows. For years they kept saying they’d “fix it one day,” but of course, life kept happening and nothing changed. Last year I finally decided to help them renovate, because it was obvious the house wouldn’t stay in good condition much longer.
I work as an urbanist, but most of my projects are in Austria, so I spend a lot of time commuting or working abroad. Even with my background, I have to admit the renovation paperwork in Slovakia was overwhelming. We planned to insulate the house, replace the old wooden windows and repair the roof, and I wanted to apply for a subsidy it just made sense financially.
But in reality, it was almost impossible for me to manage. The deadlines were tight, some documents had to be submitted in person, and every time I tried to call the helpdesk, I spent half an hour on hold. When I finally got someone on the phone, the information was often different from what I read online. Because I wasn’t physically in Slovakia most days, I couldn’t keep up with every request, correction or missing file. After a few months of trying to chase signatures, certificates and changing forms, I gave up. Without someone doing the paperwork full-time, we didn’t stand a chance.
So we ended up renovating without any subsidy. It was more expensive than we hoped, but we kept it simple: new windows, basic insulation, small roof repairs. My parents’ house is far from a “perfectly renovated” building, but even these smaller changes made a huge difference. The house finally holds heat; my parents say they don’t feel that constant cold draft anymore. Their gas bills dropped noticeably, and the humidity problems they had for years are gone.
The whole process made me realise how inaccessible energy renovations still are for many people. If I, with a technical background and experience in planning, couldn’t navigate it while working abroad, I can’t imagine how a pensioner or someone with no housing knowledge is supposed to manage. The system requires time, patience and presence all three things I simply didn’t have.
What helped us in the end was family cooperation. My brother handled contractors, I handled the design and technical choices, and my parents did what they could. It wasn’t perfect, but it worked. If I had one message for others, it would be: don’t be intimidated by the idea of a “full renovation.” Even small improvements matter. And don’t be ashamed to ask for help. Renovating an old house especially for ageing parents is emotionally and practically heavy, and doing it alone is unrealistic.
Peter Sárosfai (34), architect, Šamorín
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As an architect, I spend a lot of time explaining to clients how much energy a house can waste through poor insulation or outdated heating systems, so it felt almost hypocritical not to address it in my own home. When my partner and I bought our house in Šamorín, we knew that a renovation would be necessary sooner or later. Last year, when another call for the Obnov dom subsidies was announced, we decided to go for it. Without my professional background, I honestly don’t think we would have dared.
We ended up adding external insulation, replacing all the old aluminium windows, and installing a heat pump combined with a small photovoltaic system. Rising energy prices played a big role in our decision — but so did comfort. The house used to be cold in winter and unbearably warm in summer. The process itself confirmed what most households already feel: even though the subsidies technically exist, they are not easily accessible. The administrative requirements were extensive, the online system often malfunctioned, and several documents needed to be done in a very specific way. This is where my architectural experience made the biggest difference. I already work with energy certificates, project documentation and technical drawings, so I could prepare everything myself. If I had to outsource this, it would have taken twice as long and cost significantly more.
The subsidy was eventually approved, but the waiting times were long. Getting clear answers from the helpdesk was difficult, and the evaluation phase stretched for months. Many of my neighbours gave up halfway through — and I understand why. Even for me, with experience in construction and legislation, the process was exhausting. Without professional knowledge, I think we would have made mistakes that could easily disqualify an application.
Since the renovation, the house feels completely different. In summer, we no longer reach 28–29°C indoors, and in winter the heating is more even and efficient. Our monthly energy costs have dropped by around 35–40%, and we’re far less anxious about future price hikes. Most importantly, the house finally behaves like a modern home. The biggest challenges were coordinating contractors and navigating the administrative burdens something that many Slovak households simply don’t have the capacity for. What helped us most was my familiarity with technical documents and procedures. For an average family, I believe the process would be overwhelming without external help.
My advice is simple: prepare early, gather multiple offers, and don’t hesitate to ask for professional support, because the subsidy process is still overly complex. But despite the bureaucracy, the improvements are worth it — both for comfort and long-term energy savings.
Zuzana Madajová (33), founder of Free Food
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Over the years of working in our civic association, my understanding of sustainability has changed completely. Our main focus is food waste, but once you dive into it, you see how it links to carbon footprints, global food systems and legislation. After two years in the organisation I decided to study environmental management, because I felt we needed stronger expertise for writing projects, securing funding and arguing for systemic change. To deal with food waste seriously, you really have to understand the wider environmental framework.
My path started earlier, during my Master’s studies in Amsterdam, where I researched the city’s food policy and interviewed inspiring organisations and social restaurants. When I came back to Slovakia, I wanted to stay in this field, so alongside my regular job I started volunteering – first with Slow Food and OZ Free Food, and briefly at the Institute for Circular Economy. Working on sustainability gives me a sense of purpose: it connects social issues, climate, migration and politics, and the topic keeps evolving, which forces you to keep learning. That ambition and movement motivate me.
At the same time, I see how difficult the transition is. Food waste is an “invisible” problem, especially in a context where food prices and living standards dominate the public debate. Many people don’t even realise how much they throw away. Our food donation system is also rigid and outdated; compared to other EU countries we are far behind in redistributing surplus food. On top of that, our work falls between categories: many social projects exclude us because we don’t work directly with beneficiaries, and environmental grants focus mainly on technical measures, not behavioural or systemic change. The culture of philanthropy is still weak, so funding is a constant struggle. In the private sector, farmers and producers often prefer to send surpluses to biogas plants rather than donate them, even when donation would have clear social benefits.
Despite all this, I believe change is possible if bottom-up and top-down approaches meet. My advice to anyone who wants to get involved is: find the part of sustainability that feels closest to you – food, plastics, animals, whatever resonates – and start there. And don’t reinvent everything alone. Network, look at what already exists, and build on it. In our association, we’re always open to new people and ideas; meaningful change starts with small, committed steps that connect to something bigger.
Simona Hlaváčová (35), founder of Baterkáreň, Trnava
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My own journey into the “green” world began with Baterkáreň. The motivation was mainly self-realisation – a chance to create something meaningful and to express myself in a practical, creative way. We started very small: a tiny renovation centre combined with a small shop, open only about 15 hours a week. My colleague Jana and I took turns behind the counter. Over time, interest grew, and when the COVID pandemic ended, we hired our first part-time employee. Since then, the work has only expanded, and I have the feeling we have not stopped running.
Today we operate two sites and have almost 20 people involved – a mix of temporary staff and a few full-time employees. That brings a lot of responsibility: salaries, rent, goods, daily operations. We decided from the beginning that we wanted to do things as sustainably as possible, even if that makes everything more challenging. If we were a standard commercial drugstore, we would stock many more products and invest heavily in aggressive advertising. Instead, we work with a very limited range – for example, just a couple of cleaning products and fabric softeners from brands we know, use ourselves and can honestly recommend. Every product on the shelf has to make sense to us.
Financing such an initiative is a constant balancing act. As a non-profit and social enterprise, we rely on multiple sources. At the beginning, we applied for very small grants – our first one was €2,500 from ZSE. Later, a larger grant from the German foundation DBU, linked to the Ministry of the Environment, allowed us to run a Sustainability Academy. That support was crucial, because it funded several people over a longer period and gave us space to grow. Over time you naturally move from “mini grants” to larger ones, but that also means spending huge amounts of time searching for calls, writing applications, and reporting. On any given day I’m deciding whether to invest my energy in a €2,000 grant or in a €120,000 one – and meanwhile, the work of actually running the project never stops.
We also try to be part of broader systemic change. As members of the Climate Coalition, we contribute – when time allows – to commenting on legislation, adding our voice to petitions and consultations. In reality, with two operations and so many employees, I often end up buried in administration I don’t enjoy: forms, reports, new legal requirements for NGOs. It’s impossible to do everything you would like to do, and that is a constant frustration.
Despite all this, I see clear benefits in trying to work sustainably. We attract people – employees, partners, volunteers – who genuinely share our values and vision. Cooperation is not just about “hello, pay me money”, but about relationships, shared purpose and searching for meaning in what we do. That brings a different quality to everyday work.
We are not perfect. For example, we still travel by car to workshops when we need to take a lot of materials with us. We regularly review what we do and sometimes stop activities or products that don’t feel truly sustainable. It’s an ongoing process of learning and adjusting. For me, the important thing is the direction: to keep trying, to make conscious choices, and to show that running a business in line with green values is possible – even if it is demanding and full of compromises.
Jana Reháková (36), founder of Baterkáreň, Trnava
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A few years ago, we decided as a family to finally renovate our old house from the 1970s. It’s a two-generation family home – my parents live downstairs, we live upstairs – and although we had already remodelled the interior, the building itself was still in its original state: no insulation, an old roof and an outdated boiler. We had been hesitating for a long time about when and how to do it, and the Renovate the House scheme gave us the push we needed.
With support from the programme, we insulated the house, replaced the roof, installed a new boiler and changed the front door. Earlier, when we first moved in, we had already replaced the old wooden windows, some of which were literally rotten and leaking heat. Altogether, these changes have transformed both our comfort and our bills.
From an environmental and financial point of view, the benefits are clear. Before the renovation, the previous owners once ran up a €1,000 gas arrears because so much heat escaped through the windows and the uninsulated structure. Now, our gas advance payments have dropped by about half. That’s a huge saving for a large semi-detached house where two households share the same gas supply for heating and hot water.
We also feel a big difference in everyday life. Before, the upper flat would overheat in summer; when our son was born, we had 29°C inside during heatwaves, which was extremely uncomfortable. Since the renovation, even when it’s 30–35°C outside, we usually stay around 25–26°C indoors. The new roof and insulation really prevent the worst of the heat from getting in.
The difficult part was the process itself. Even though we applied in a later round, when the scheme was already better organised, it was still lengthy and quite stressful. We waited a long time for official responses, sometimes weeks or even months, and received different answers from different email contacts. There was a lot of paperwork: energy certificates before and after, documentation from companies, photos, proof of waste removal and various forms to fill in. In total, it took about a year and a half from submitting the application to receiving the money.
What helped us most was that my husband took the lead, studied everything in detail and contacted the authorities when needed. We also drew on the experience of an energy certifier and a boiler company that had already worked with the scheme, and later we were able to help friends who applied in the next call. That kind of peer support is very valuable because each round has its own specific rules and people often feel lost.
Despite the bureaucracy and the long waiting, we don’t regret it at all. The house is more comfortable, our bills are lower and we know that the building is now in much better environmental condition. If there is one message I would share with others, it is this: the process can be painful and slow, but it is worth using opportunities like Renovate the House. Many people don’t think about it from an environmental perspective at first – they just see that someone will contribute financially – but in the end it improves their living conditions, reduces emissions and increases the value of their homes.
Man (52), entrepreneur, timber industry, Krosno
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Lower Costs, Higher Comfort, Complicated Paperwork
A few years ago, we decided as a family to invest in more modern and sustainable solutions at home. We live in a house just outside Krosno, with our two nearly adult children. Because we run a business in the timber industry, we have easy access to renewable fuel, and energy efficiency has always been important for both economic and practical reasons.
The first major step was installing a large photovoltaic system. This opened the door to a second, city-focused car — a fully electric vehicle purchased at the end of 2021. The logic was simple: if we produce our own electricity, it makes sense to use it to power the car. With daily errands, school runs and local commuting, an electric vehicle offers very low running costs, and we quickly felt the difference.
Electricity generation from our panels means that most of the time, we pay almost nothing for charging the car. Previously, we paid much more for fuel. The only frustration came from regulatory changes — in the past, energy surpluses could be carried over to the next six months, which was ideal for us. Today, excess production expires faster, which makes the system less advantageous.
At home, we also installed a new pellet furnace. Our previous heating system also used solid fuel, but this one is modern, almost fully automatic, and needs to be refilled only once a week. Working in the wood industry, pellet is easy and inexpensive for us to obtain. The benefits are immediate: far less work, more comfort, and lower heating bills.
Where the transition became truly difficult was in applying for subsidies. We received support only for the electric car. Applications for other upgrades were rejected due to income thresholds. Even inviting official advisers confirmed that we did not qualify — the advice was free, but disappointing.
The subsidy for the car turned into a long and exhausting process. The application itself was complicated, financial tables were poorly described, and even professional accountants struggled to make sense of them. Calling the fund for help meant spending long periods on hold, often only to reach staff who could not answer detailed questions. Although the grant was eventually approved, it took several months — and nearly a year passed before we received the funds. The experience was frustrating enough that we would hesitate before going through it again.
An energy storage system is something we would love to add next, but for now, it remains too expensive — and with current subsidy criteria, we would not qualify anyway.
Despite all that, we have no regrets. The solutions themselves — photovoltaic panels, the pellet furnace, the electric car — make everyday life easier, cheaper and more comfortable. If there is a message we would pass on to others, it is this: the technologies are worth it, but the bureaucracy requires patience. For families who can navigate the paperwork, the long-term benefits are real, practical and environmentally positive.
Man (37), owner of a private nursery, Bydgoszcz
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Switching to an Electric Car as a Family Investment
When our old family car was reaching the end of its life, I started thinking about replacing it. At first, it was just a regular purchase decision — we needed a reliable car for daily use, especially with three children and a busy schedule around running our nursery in Bydgoszcz. But then we heard about the national subsidy program “Nasze Auto”, and that completely changed the direction of our thinking. Without the subsidy, we simply would not have considered an electric car. With financial support, a new EV became affordable in a way it hadn’t been before.
Environmental reasons were part of the motivation. I liked the idea of choosing something cleaner and more efficient. My partner pointed out the everyday benefits that electric cars have in the city — such as free parking — and we both felt that electric mobility is likely the future. But what convinced us most were the running costs. After two years of use, we spend significantly less than we did with our old combustion car. Electric vehicles don’t require oil changes, have fewer consumable parts and are cheaper to service. We charge the car at home using high-power access, which takes about four to five hours, and my partner can even charge for free at work. Even when paying the electricity bill ourselves, the savings compared to fuel are substantial.
Buying the car, however, turned out to be more complicated than expected. Affordable electric models disappeared from dealerships quickly, and we were lucky to receive a car that someone else had cancelled. Then came the most time-consuming part — the application process for the subsidy. First, we had to receive the hard registration document. Only then could we submit a large stack of paperwork: the contract, insurance documents, payment confirmations, invoices, and even a promissory note signed in the presence of a notary. Processing takes many months, and we heard of applications still being reviewed half a year later. We completed the process ourselves without advisers, but it required patience and careful attention to detail.
There were other challenges too. Because I run a business, we were automatically directed into a corporate lease — consumer leasing was not available to us. We still don’t know whether this was because of the subsidy rules or dealership policy, but we would have preferred more choice. Over the course of the program, the rules also changed several times. The subsidy was expanded to commercial vehicles, which receive higher payments, and funds ran out quickly. We spent a lot of time monitoring the remaining budget online to be sure we could still apply.
Despite the administrative barriers, we are very satisfied with the car. For city driving, it is perfect — quiet, comfortable and inexpensive to use. The battery range of around 250 km is more than enough for everyday errands. For long highway trips, range can drop due to higher speeds and winter heating, which is why we still keep a second combustion car. But for daily commuting and family mobility, the electric vehicle works flawlessly.
If there is one thing we would change about the system, it would be the bureaucracy. Faster payment of subsidies, simpler paperwork and clearer communication would make the process much easier. Most people we know heard about the program not from official channels, but from friends or viral posts online. With better public information, more families might be encouraged to switch.
Even so, if someone qualifies for financial support and primarily drives in the city, we strongly recommend it. Electric cars are appearing everywhere now — and for everyday use, the comfort, lower running costs and quieter ride make a real difference
Woman (37), government employee, Warsaw
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Rethinking Mobility with an E-Bike
When I bought my electric bike, my main motivation was health. I’d had some trouble with my knee, and I hoped an e-bike would help me stay active without overstraining it. In practice, it didn’t turn out exactly as I imagined — I actually use my regular bike far more often. I bought the e-bike quickly, online, without long research, while many people I know spend months choosing the perfect model. For me, it was a practical decision, nothing more.
I didn’t look for subsidies before buying it. Only afterwards did I check what support existed — and found nothing. It wasn’t my motivation anyway. Most people I know who buy e-bikes spend 30–40 thousand złoty, and they don’t need financial assistance. Personally, I think that doesn’t make much sense. There are plenty of good, cheaper electric bikes on the market. My own mother has one, but it doesn’t replace her car — she uses it purely for recreation. I’m not sure what a subsidy program would have to look like to support buying e-bikes as actual car substitutes rather than leisure gadgets.
In my daily life, I cycle to work about three times a week. I take the car only when the weather is really bad or when I need to dress formally. I own a mild hybrid, but I honestly don’t know what that means in practice. What I do know is that I enjoy cycling — and I hate sitting in traffic. Public transport doesn’t appeal to me, so the bike is the simplest and most pleasant way to get around.
I occasionally use the city bike system when I’m out without my own bike. Not very often, but I think the system in Warsaw is great. It really helps people switch from cars, taxis and buses to bikes, even if only for short trips.
As for my own e-bike, I have mixed feelings. The biggest issue is the 25 km/h speed limit on electric assistance. Once I cross that speed, the motor cuts out, and the bike becomes heavy and difficult to pedal. At that point my normal bike is simply better. I’d prefer the limit to be set at 28 km/h. Some people buy e-bikes from the US, where the cutoff is at 30 km/h, and honestly I think that’s completely fine. Many riders remove the speed limit altogether, but that’s illegal — and dangerous.
I don’t regret the purchase, but I’ve learned that an electric bike isn’t automatically a game-changer. It depends on the model, the rider and the purpose. For me, it complements my mobility, but it hasn’t replaced anything. In the end, I still reach for my regular bike most days — simply because I enjoy it more.
Man (40), entrepreneur, owner of a training and small conference company, Poznań
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A Small Business with Big Environmental Intentions
Running a small training company with a modest conference space in Poznań, I’ve long felt that my business should reflect the way I live personally. I haven’t eaten meat for years, I try to reduce waste, and I make choices that support a more sustainable lifestyle. It felt only natural to ask myself: how can I translate these values into the daily operations of my company?
The first challenge appeared right away: lack of accessible knowledge. In Poznań I couldn’t find a single in-person training on ESG or sustainable business practices tailored to micro-enterprises. Eventually, I found a free online course organized by a state agency. It provided some basics but very little practical guidance. Professional ESG consulting was financially out of reach — most offers started at several thousand złoty, far beyond what a small business like mine can justify. What finally helped was a simple, practical checklist developed by a Warsaw-based NGO, designed specifically for small companies like mine.
Based on it, I introduced several changes: I switched to a more environmentally friendly electricity tariff, I encourage participants to use public or low-emission transport, I moved entirely to vegetarian and locally sourced catering, and I eliminated paper altogether — all materials, invoices and agreements are now digital. These changes do cost something, but not so much that they threaten the business. The more expensive solutions — like comprehensive building upgrades or certified management systems — I had to set aside. My clients can pay a little more for greener services, but not enough to support major investments.
I also chose not to pursue any sustainability certifications. To me, many of them feel like a way of extracting money from small entrepreneurs rather than genuinely supporting greener practices. I wish there were free certificates for micro-businesses, more free training opportunities, and widely accessible, practical information.
I want to continue moving in this direction, but I sometimes feel the overall trend is going the opposite way — fewer people seem to care about environmental issues than before. Still, I believe that even a small company can make meaningful changes. And if I can align my business with my values, that alone is worth the effort.
Man (66), retired locksmith, small town in Lubelskie
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Switching from Coal to Gas in Retirement
After moving with my wife to her family home, we lived for years with an old coal boiler. As we got older, carrying coal every day, cleaning the furnace, and dealing with smoke and dust became exhausting. We finally decided to switch entirely to a gas heating system. It wasn’t easy — we had to replace the entire installation, including pipes and radiators — but a professional company handled the process.
The difference is enormous. The house now has a stable, even temperature around 21°C, without the constant fluctuations we had with coal. There’s no dust, no ash, no smell. The basement is clean, and the air around the house is much better. Yes, the bills are slightly higher because the boiler also heats water, but the comfort outweighs the cost.
We didn’t apply for subsidies. The municipality requires that if you take funding, you must remove the coal furnace entirely, and we wanted to keep the option of burning wood occasionally — we have our own forest, which makes it essentially free. We do think about installing solar thermal panels for water, but we’re waiting for an affordable support program.
My advice to others, especially older people, is simple: gas heating brings incredible comfort and dignity to daily life. You don’t realize how tiring coal is until you stop using it. And if you’re doing such a big change, choose a good, recommended company — it makes all the difference.
Man (34), IT specialist, mid-size town in Małopolskie
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A Fully Modern, Energy-Efficient New Home
When we built our house, I knew from the start that I wanted solutions that combined comfort and long-term ease of use. That’s why we installed a full package: 10 kW bifacial photovoltaic panels, a 15 kW energy storage system, a heat pump, and a ventilation system with recuperation. The house is insulated and has underfloor heating everywhere. For me, the main goal wasn’t savings — it was convenience.
I grew up with traditional heating systems and saw how much work they required. My brother still uses an eco-pea coal boiler and has to refill it every few hours. I knew I didn’t want a life built around tending to a furnace. With the heat pump and photovoltaics, I set the temperature and forget about it.
I applied for subsidies myself — the paperwork was simple, although waiting times on the hotline were long. The financial support helped, but it didn’t change the fact that these technologies are expensive, especially the installation services. And to be honest, I don’t expect the heat pump to “pay for itself.” It’s an investment in comfort and stability, not a quick saving.
If I had one message for people considering these technologies, it’s this: start with insulation. Without it, nothing else will work efficiently. Plan everything during construction, read the program guidelines carefully, and don’t fear formalities — most are easier than they seem. Ultimately, these solutions bring peace of mind: I can leave the house for days and come back to a perfectly warm home. That’s worth a lot.
Woman (60), Teacher, small town in Podkarpacie
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Solar Water Heating & Modern Heating in a Rural Home
When I look back at the changes I’ve made in my home over the past years, the installation of solar panels for heating water was one of the best decisions of my life. For a long time I relied on an electric boiler and a coal stove — expensive, inconvenient and often unreliable, especially when guests visited in the summer. I was tired of constantly running out of hot water and heating the whole house just to take a shower.
The solar panels, installed through a municipal EU-funded project, completely changed that. I paid only a small portion of the cost, the process was smooth, and the installers were professional. From spring to late autumn I have free hot water around the clock — a comfort I never had before. Years later the system still works beautifully.
More recently, I also replaced my old stove with a fifth-generation coal-and-wood boiler. It’s more ecological and practical here, where we have easy access to wood and coal. Unfortunately, I couldn’t use the national “Clean Air” subsidy because of legal issues with co-ownership of the house. As much as I would love to insulate my home, the cost is far beyond my budget.
When people ask me for advice, I always say: if you have the chance to install solar water panels — don’t hesitate even for a moment. They bring immediate comfort, low costs, and no complications. For many families, that alone can make everyday life easier.
Woman (75), pensioner, Slunečná, Liberec Region
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We had a heat pump installed in our cottage in 2009. I don’t remember there being any subsidies for it at the time. We were mainly motivated by the convenience of operation—the fact that we wouldn’t have to procure wood or coal for heating.
We had problems with the installation because the company that installed the heat pump was still learning how to do it. As a result, it wasn’t a professional job, and the pump often broke down, at first due to poor servicing. After a few years, we had to change the servicing company, but since then we have been completely satisfied. What suits us best is that before we go to the cottage, we can heat it remotely, and when we arrive, it is already warm. We can control the temperature at the cottage from home, and that is partly why we are very happy with the heat pump.
I would definitely recommend a heat pump to others, especially older people who have difficulty managing other forms of heating, such as stoves. However, it is important to read a lot of reviews of companies that install and service heat pumps. If we had to do it again, we would not choose a small company that is just starting out in this business and lacks proven procedures and techniques.
Jaroslav Fikr (31), project manager, Kutná Hora
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We bought an old, dilapidated cottage which we are currently renovating so that we can live there. As part of the renovation, we want to insulate the cottage, install new windows, add a photovoltaic power system, and possibly even a heat pump. In short, we want to renovate the cottage properly and bring it up to modern standards so that the building will last a long time. After all, if you hire a company to do the renovation rather than doing it yourself, you more or less have no choice; most renovation offers already include these energy-saving measures. At the same time, in order to be able to live in the house and register it as a permanent residence, we need an energy label for the building, which is also one of the motivations why we decided to go down the path of energy-saving measures.
The renovation is currently ongoing, and we are working with two companies: a construction company, and a company that is helping us obtain subsidies. Finding a good construction company was very complicated. We contacted about twenty businesses, but they rarely listened to us. We also reached out to three companies that assist with obtaining subsidies; two of which never replied. During the current renovation, both companies continue having communication problems. Both are behind schedule, and their actions and requirements are therefore inconsistent. The subsidy company insists that we must have a heat pump, but the construction company tells us that we can get subsidies even without one. It is difficult to navigate this chaos.
I would advise other people considering a similar large-scale renovation not to rely solely on what the companies involved in the renovation tell them. Companies are often passive and do not meet deadlines, which prolongs the construction process and unnecessarily increases the cost of the construction. It is essential to constantly push and remind them throughout the process.
Woman (75), pensioner, Slunečná, Liberec Region
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Jaroslav Fikr (31), project manager, Kutná Hora
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Ondřej (25+), innovation manager, Ústecký Region
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I studied history at university. However, during my studies, I became interested in climate change and the environment. My motivation changed a lot during that time. Suddenly, I no longer wanted to be a renowned scientist, but rather to do something that made sense to me. In addition to changing my mindset, I also realized that I would have broader employment opportunities if I became interested in sustainability. Today, I am a manager for regional innovation strategy.
My retraining process was largely through practical experience. For example, I got a part-time job at a zero-waste café, which then sparked my interest in the company that ran it, and so on. At the same time, this experience introduced me to a new community of inspiring people from whom I gained further knowledge and skills. I took advantage of many courses and free online seminars that were subsidized by the state. This gave me much greater flexibility in the job market and opened many new doors.
I think people fixate on the idea that they need to earn a lot of money to make a living. Therefore, they do not consider that they could have a new job in a completely different field, which they might enjoy more and find more meaningful. It is difficult to get off the train once it is moving, but when you realize what you want to do, there are many ways to achieve your goal. Many people perceive this as having to leave their job, shutting themselves away somewhere and retraining, but that’s not the case. It can also be a gradual change, as it was in my case.
Radek Šindel (42), project manager, Moravian-Silesian Region
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I bought a roughly 50-year-old uninsulated house with the intention of renovating it and turning it into a modern living space. We decided to buy an old house because subsidies are not available for new ones. I wanted us to live comfortably there without high energy costs, so I used modern technology and tried to do everything properly. Given that there are mines everywhere throughout the area, the house first needed to be structurally secured before I could start the renovation itself.
I used the Green Savings program [operational 2009–2012], which provided relatively good guidance on specific technologies, from high-quality triple glazing and insulation to a heat recovery unit and a heat pump. After calculating the theoretical consumption according to the house’s energy label, our consumption dropped from several dozen megawatt-hours to six megawatt-hours, so the savings are enormous. When the renovation was complete, I decided to invest in my own energy source, namely photovoltaic panels. I also ended up buying an electric car because I was curious to see how the system would perform. After a year, I found that half of the kilometers driven were covered directly by solar energy, which exceeded my expectations. At first, I had to get used to the electric car, get various chips for chargers, which enable the use of charging stations, and so on. I was worried about how much time we would spend at charging stations, but that didn’t happen at all; I usually charge the car at home.
I think it would be beneficial to explain the advantages of electric cars. You hear about range anxiety (that is, how many kilometers the car can go without charging) and the like from all sides, but most people drive shorter distances to work and have nothing to worry about. In addition, it is also necessary to monitor compliance with environmental standards for combustion cars, which are often cheaper to operate simply because they do not comply with regulations. This keeps their price artificially low. I would advise people considering energy-efficient home renovation that it really pays off to do it properly and not just try to save money where possible. If they don’t have the savings right now, they should plan for the future and at least do some preparation, which will make the renovation easier later on. Overall, I would say that we should start to see the green transition as an opportunity, not a threat.
Petr (32), project manager, Central Bohemian Region
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As part of the energy transition, I bought an electric car. I was primarily driven by curiosity about how driving such a car would work. The fact that subsidies [most likely NPO Elektromobilita] were available at the time for public entities, cities, and foundations to purchase electric cars also played a significant role in my decision. I was considering buying a new car at the time, and the incentive in the form of a subsidy definitely helped me decide on an electric car, as the price was probably the biggest obstacle for me.
The car works perfectly and has an excellent user interface. Everything is simple and works through an app on my phone, and I charge it at work, where we have a charger. I think charging is an obstacle for many people. I can’t imagine not being able to charge at home or at work and having to search for chargers around Prague. It depends a lot on where you live and what charging options you have.
I would definitely recommend that others gather as much information as possible. I can recommend various discussion groups on social media, where you can learn many interesting things, even if some are irrelevant. In addition, it is important to test an electric car yourself, ideally overnight, as this experience is beneficial before making a purchase. These are pieces of the puzzle that will help you if you are unsure whether you want to buy the car.
Eliška (67) and Zdeněk (70), pensioners, Pilsen Region
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At first, we heated our house with sawdust. Then we got an electric boiler (without subsidies) because electricity was cheap, so it was advantageous for us. We even had an indicator light that showed us when cheap nighttime electricity was available, and we would run the washing machine and dishwasher at that time. But then electricity started to become more expensive, so we bought a gas boiler and solar panels to heat water. Finally, we also installed a photovoltaic power system on the roof. Our primary goal was to save as much as possible on household costs. Government incentives are constantly changing, so we jump on the latest trends to save money.
We didn’t have any major problems with any of the replacements, except that we also had to change the plumbing in the house and so on. However, we regret that we constantly tried to adapt to current environmental requirements, which change over time. We didn’t receive any subsidies for changing our heating system because we always did it before any targeted support programs were launched, so we were quite unlucky in that respect. Today, however, we are compensated by the fact that an electricity distributor buys electricity from us at a higher price. But otherwise, we have no complications with the use of solar panels.
We would definitely recommend solar panels for water heating to everyone; that is the future. A photovoltaic power system would make more sense for us if we had an electric car, so we may get one in the future.
Man (80+), pensioner, Přešťovice, South Bohemian Region
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My wife and I own a house in the countryside, and we have always used a solid fuel boiler to heat our home. After thirty years, we had to replace the first boiler because it no longer met the environmental standards. However, with age, my back started to hurt, and I couldn’t bend over the boiler, so I considered how to change the heating. Instead, we had a heat pump installed and replaced the windows.
The whole process of replacing the boiler with a heat pump was simple and quick. With the heat pump, our heating costs have gone down; I used to pay more for coal and wood than I do now for electricity. The heat pump is more convenient, but my wife and I were used to a higher level of thermal comfort; the current temperatures reach about 24 degrees Celsius, compared to even warmer temperatures when heating with the boiler.
I would recommend that people considering purchasing a heat pump gather as much information as possible. There is no need to worry about applying for subsidies, because most companies that handle installation also offer assistance with the application process. When we replaced our windows, we even received the subsidy before the replacement itself. There were several conditions to be met, such as that the windows had to be triple-glazed with an eight-centimeter-thick frame. In the end, the subsidy covered 50% of the cost of replacing the windows.
Antonín (44), IT delivery manager, Prague
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We built a passive house with a heat pump, heat recovery and solar panels. We were greatly influenced by the business practices of a company that specialized in building passive houses, and we believed that we would save a lot on household running costs. Today, our household running costs may be lower, but the heat pump servicing has become very expensive, so we haven’t saved that much in the end.
Today, I would probably do many things differently, especially the choice of a heat pump. It is a special brand with more complex technology than other heat pumps, so the pump can only be serviced by certified service technicians from that company. The availability of these technicians is very limited, as is the competition, so service prices are very high. If I were to build the house again, I would choose a heating system that any qualified technician can repair.
I would advise others not to build with a small company that uses alternative materials and techniques, but to choose a company with extensive experience in building houses. It is important to check their references. Ideally, the company should build technology that is widely used in Czechia and has a wide range of service options.
Jan Novák (40), financial advisor, Pilsen
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I bought an electric car and made my home energy self-sufficient for two reasons: first, because it is environmentally friendly, and second, because it is economically advantageous. I bought my first electric car six years ago [2019]. I had been eyeing them for some time, but it was only then that the prices of electric cars became affordable. I now have my third electric car, and for the last one, I took advantage of a subsidy for entrepreneurs [most likely Electromobility Guarantee—Záruka Elektromobilita]. I had no problem getting the subsidy. I was just the first person to apply for itat our branch [National Development Bank, NRB], so they didn’t really know what to do, but in the end, it all worked out fine.
I consider myself a technically savvy person, but I had to read extensively and watch many educational videos to understand how the public and home EV charging works. With Teslas, it’s simple because they have their own ecosystem of chargers, including a map, but with other electric cars, it’s more complicated. You need a different chip and registration for each charger, you can’t pay by card everywhere, prices vary greatly, and so on. I have countless apps on my phone for different chargers. A major systemic obstacle to purchasing an electric car is the lack of charging infrastructure in residential areas. For example, in Pilsen, there is only one charger in the entire Lochotín district, located at a shopping center.
I would recommend that people considering buying an electric car borrow one and try it out, ideally for a week, if possible. There is a lot of misinformation and myths circulating on this topic. If more information were available and people could try out electric cars, I believe that electromobility would become more widespread.
Electromobility makes sense, especially with photovoltaic panels on one’s own roof. My whole house runs on electricity, I don’t burn anything, and besides low energy bills, I see the advantage of self-sufficiency. When there’s a blackout, we don’t even notice it at home. However, I would definitely recommend being cautious when choosing installation companies, because not all companies work with all converter and inverter technologies, and not every company is honest. It would be beneficial to have a guarantee of reliability from companies, perhaps in the form of insurance, which would ensure that, should the company go bankrupt, another company will take over and complete the job. It is also important to ask the company to explain why it is proposing a particular solution for my house, what energy output and power consumption it operates with, and so on.
Woman (54), employee at Czech Post, South Bohemian Region
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As part of the energy-efficient renovation of our house, we decided to insulate it and install triple-glazed windows, a heat pump, and solar panels. Our main motivation was not only to save money but also to become energy self-sufficient. Now, when the power goes out, we still have light, and our bills have gone down, which is great!
The renovation process was accompanied by a few complications, such as when the battery became swollen after a month of use. Fortunately, it was under warranty and was replaced very quickly. It was worse with the subsidies for replacing the windows; we waited a very long time for the money to be paid out. We applied for subsidies in 2022, when everyone wanted them, but we didn’t receive the money until a year after the new windows were installed.
To those considering home renovation to improve energy efficiency, I would recommend reading the reviews of companies that provide renovation services. That’s what our friends advised us to do, and thanks to that, we had no problems with the company we chose. On the contrary, the company took care of everything and even helped with the subsidy application. I also recommend planning for a technical room, as the equipment takes up a lot of space.
H.T. (23), special education student – Budapest (District II)
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Tibor (36), data analyst – Budapest (Józsefváros)
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Antal (60), university lecturer & Nelly (35), magazine editor – Debrecen
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Réka (29), data analyst, Budapest (Józsefváros)
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Man (47), IT project manager, Budapest
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Viktória (30), production manager & junior producer, Budapest
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Man (52), entrepreneur, timber industry, Krosno
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Man (37), owner of a private nursery, Bydgoszcz
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Woman (37), government employee, Warsaw
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Man (40), entrepreneur, owner of a training and small conference company, Poznań
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Man (66), retired locksmith, small town in Lubelskie
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Man (34), IT specialist, mid-size town in Małopolskie
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Woman (60), Teacher, small town in Podkarpacie
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Daniel Kováč (50), IT support (Dell) Kvetoslavov
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Ing. Juraj Szitás (69), engineer (airport runway lighting), Rohovce
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Dipl. Ing. Barbora Köver Tóthová (34), urbanist
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Peter Sárosfai (34), architect, Šamorín
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Zuzana Madajová (33), founder of Free Food
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Simona Hlaváčová (35), founder of Baterkáreň, Trnava
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